| June 29, 1959 | Illinois v. Michigan et al. | Per curiam | 360 U.S. 712 (1959) | – |
| June 29, 1959 | Taylor v. McElroy et al. | Per curiam | 360 U.S. 709 (1959) | – |
| June 29, 1959 | Kingsley International Pictures Corp. v. Regents of the University of the State of New York | Potter Stewart | 360 U.S. 684 (1959) | 291 |
| June 29, 1959 | Ingram et al. v. United States | Potter Stewart | 360 U.S. 672 (1959) | 355 |
| June 29, 1959 | In Re Sawyer | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 360 U.S. 622 (1959) | 163 |
| June 29, 1959 | Union Pacific Railroad Co. v. Price | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 360 U.S. 601 (1959) | 165 |
| June 29, 1959 | Howard v. Lyons et al. | John Marshall Harlan | 360 U.S. 593 (1959) | 202 |
| June 29, 1959 | Barr v. Matteo et al. | John Marshall Harlan | 360 U.S. 564 (1959) | 1312 |
| June 29, 1959 | Pennsylvania Railroad Co. v. Day, Administrator | Felix Frankfurter | 360 U.S. 548 (1959) | 128 |
| June 29, 1959 | Farmers Educational & Cooperative Union of America, North Dakota Division, v. Wday, Inc. | Hugo Lafayette Black | 360 U.S. 525 (1959) | 108 |
| June 29, 1959 | Greene v. McElroy et al. | Earl Warren | 360 U.S. 474 (1959) | 1385 |
| June 22, 1959 | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Inc., v. Bennett, Attorney General of Arkansas, et al. | Per curiam | 360 U.S. 471 (1959) | – |
| June 22, 1959 | Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Hansen et Ux. | Charles Evans Whittaker | 360 U.S. 446 (1959) | 410 |
| June 22, 1959 | Raley et al. v. Ohio | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 360 U.S. 423 (1959) | 376 |
| June 22, 1959 | Southwestern Sugar & Molasses Co., Inc., v. River Terminals Corp. | John Marshall Harlan | 360 U.S. 411 (1959) | 126 |
| June 22, 1959 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. v. United States | Tom C. Clark | 360 U.S. 395 (1959) | 586 |
| June 22, 1959 | Atlantic Refining Co. et al. v. Public Service Commission of New York et al. | Tom C. Clark | 360 U.S. 378 (1959) | 356 |
| June 22, 1959 | Rosenberg v. United States | Felix Frankfurter | 360 U.S. 367 (1959) | 255 |
| June 22, 1959 | Palermo v. United States | Felix Frankfurter | 360 U.S. 343 (1959) | 766 |
| June 22, 1959 | Safeway Stores, Inc., v. Oklahoma Retail Grocers Association, Inc., et al. | Felix Frankfurter | 360 U.S. 334 (1959) | – |
| June 22, 1959 | United States v. 93.970 Acres of Land et al. | Hugo Lafayette Black | 360 U.S. 328 (1959) | – |
| June 22, 1959 | Spano v. New York | Earl Warren | 360 U.S. 315 (1959) | 1164 |
| June 15, 1959 | Marshall v. United States | Per curiam | 360 U.S. 310 (1959) | 727 |
| June 15, 1959 | National Labor Relations Board v. Fant Milling Co. | Potter Stewart | 360 U.S. 301 (1959) | 157 |
| June 15, 1959 | Anonymous Nos. 6 and 7 v. Baker, Justice of the Supreme Court of New York | John Marshall Harlan | 360 U.S. 287 (1959) | – |
| June 15, 1959 | Magenau, Administrator, v. Aetna Freight Lines, Inc. | Tom C. Clark | 360 U.S. 273 (1959) | – |
| June 15, 1959 | Napue v. Illinois | Earl Warren | 360 U.S. 264 (1959) | 4234 |
| June 15, 1959 | Burns v. Ohio | Earl Warren | 360 U.S. 252 (1959) | 366 |
| June 8, 1959 | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People v. Alabama Ex Rel. Patterson | Per curiam | 360 U.S. 240 (1959) | – |
| June 8, 1959 | Ohio Ex Rel. Eaton v. Price, Chief of Police | Per curiam | 360 U.S. 246 (1959) | – |
| June 8, 1959 | Mills et al. v. Louisiana | Per curiam | 360 U.S. 230 (1959) | – |
| June 8, 1959 | Martin, Successor to Lawler, Secretary of Highways of Pennsylvania, et al. v. Creasy et al. | Potter Stewart | 360 U.S. 219 (1959) | 136 |
| June 8, 1959 | National Labor Relations Board v. Cabot Carbon Co. et al. | Charles Evans Whittaker | 360 U.S. 203 (1959) | – |
| June 8, 1959 | County of Allegheny v. Frank Mashuda Co. et al. | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 360 U.S. 185 (1959) | 896 |
| June 8, 1959 | Harrison, Attorney General of Virginia, et al. v. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People et al. | John Marshall Harlan | 360 U.S. 167 (1959) | – |
| June 8, 1959 | Barenblatt v. United States | John Marshall Harlan | 360 U.S. 109 (1959) | 488 |
| June 8, 1959 | Uphaus v. Wyman, Attorney General of New Hampshire | Tom C. Clark | 360 U.S. 72 (1959) | 164 |
| June 8, 1959 | Federal Trade Commission v. Simplicity Pattern Co., Inc. | Tom C. Clark | 360 U.S. 55 (1959) | 108 |
| June 8, 1959 | Lassiter v. Northampton County Board of Elections | William Orville Douglas | 360 U.S. 45 (1959) | 328 |
| June 8, 1959 | Louisiana Power & Light Co. v. City of Thibodaux | Felix Frankfurter | 360 U.S. 25 (1959) | 647 |
| June 8, 1959 | United States v. Atlantic Refining Co. et al. | Hugo Lafayette Black | 360 U.S. 19 (1959) | – |
| June 8, 1959 | Smith v. United States | Earl Warren | 360 U.S. 1 (1959) | 429 |
| June 1, 1959 | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People et al. v. Williams, Revenue Commissioner | Per curiam | 359 U.S. 550 (1959) | – |
| June 1, 1959 | Vitarelli v. Seaton, Secretary of the Interior, et al. | John Marshall Harlan | 359 U.S. 535 (1959) | 744 |
| May 25, 1959 | Bibb, Director, Department of Public Safety of Illinois, et al. v. Navajo Freight Lines, Inc., et al. | William Orville Douglas | 359 U.S. 520 (1959) | 370 |
| May 25, 1959 | Beacon Theatres, Inc., v. Westover, U.S. District Judge, et al. | Hugo Lafayette Black | 359 U.S. 500 (1959) | 1664 |
| May 18, 1959 | Devries et al. v. Baumgartner'S Electric Construction Co. | Per curiam | 359 U.S. 498 (1959) | – |
| May 18, 1959 | Patterson, General Administrator, et al. v. United States | Per curiam | 359 U.S. 495 (1959) | – |
| May 18, 1959 | T. I. M. E. Incorporated v. United States | John Marshall Harlan | 359 U.S. 464 (1959) | 129 |
| May 18, 1959 | Dick v. New York Life Insurance Co. | Earl Warren | 359 U.S. 437 (1959) | 228 |
| May 4, 1959 | Arroyo v. United States | Potter Stewart | 359 U.S. 419 (1959) | 223 |
| May 4, 1959 | Irvin v. Dowd, Warden, Indiana State Prison | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 359 U.S. 394 (1959) | 146 |
| May 4, 1959 | Federal Trade Commission v. Mandel Brothers, Inc. | William Orville Douglas | 359 U.S. 385 (1959) | 317 |
| May 4, 1959 | Frank v. Maryland | Felix Frankfurter | 359 U.S. 360 (1959) | 306 |
| May 4, 1959 | Plumbers, Steamfitters, Refrigeration, Petroleum Fitters, and Apprentices of Local 298, a. F. of L., et al. v. County of Door et al. | Hugo Lafayette Black | 359 U.S. 354 (1959) | – |
| May 4, 1959 | Scull v. Virginia Ex Rel. Committee on Law Reform and Racial Activities | Hugo Lafayette Black | 359 U.S. 344 (1959) | – |
| April 27, 1959 | Felter v. Southern Pacific Co. et al. | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 359 U.S. 326 (1959) | – |
| April 27, 1959 | United States v. Isthmian Steamship Co. | Earl Warren | 359 U.S. 314 (1959) | – |
| April 20, 1959 | Koller et al. v. United States | Per curiam | 359 U.S. 309 (1959) | – |
| April 20, 1959 | Robert C. Herd & Co., Inc., v. Krawill Machinery Corp. et al. | Charles Evans Whittaker | 359 U.S. 297 (1959) | 250 |
| April 20, 1959 | Mitchell, Secretary of Labor, v. Kentucky Finance Co., Inc., et al. | John Marshall Harlan | 359 U.S. 290 (1959) | 251 |
| April 20, 1959 | Petty, Administratrix, v. Tennessee-Missouri Bridge Commission | William Orville Douglas | 359 U.S. 275 (1959) | 390 |
| April 20, 1959 | Melrose Distillers, Inc., et al. v. United States | William Orville Douglas | 359 U.S. 271 (1959) | – |
| April 20, 1959 | United States v. Shirey | Felix Frankfurter | 359 U.S. 255 (1959) | – |
| April 20, 1959 | San Diego Building Trades Council et al. v. Garmon et al. | Felix Frankfurter | 359 U.S. 236 (1959) | 2980 |
| April 20, 1959 | Glus v. Brooklyn Eastern District Terminal | Hugo Lafayette Black | 359 U.S. 231 (1959) | 563 |
| April 6, 1959 | Baker et al. v. Texas & Pacific Railway Co. | Per curiam | 359 U.S. 227 (1959) | 149 |
| April 6, 1959 | Parsons et al. v. Smith, Former Collector of Internal Revenue | Charles Evans Whittaker | 359 U.S. 215 (1959) | 137 |
| April 6, 1959 | Klor'S, Inc., v. Broadway-Hale Stores, Inc., et al. | Hugo Lafayette Black | 359 U.S. 207 (1959) | – |
| March 30, 1959 | Abbate et al. v. United States | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 359 U.S. 187 (1959) | 835 |
| March 30, 1959 | The Monrosa et al. v. Carbon Black Export, Inc. | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 359 U.S. 180 (1959) | – |
| March 30, 1959 | Service Storage & Transfer Co., Inc., v. Virginia | Tom C. Clark | 359 U.S. 171 (1959) | – |
| March 30, 1959 | Bartkus v. Illinois | Felix Frankfurter | 359 U.S. 121 (1959) | 1084 |
| March 23, 1959 | Joseph et al. v. Indiana. | Per curiam | 359 U.S. 117 (1959) | – |
| March 23, 1959 | Spevack v. Strauss et al. | Per curiam | 359 U.S. 115 (1959) | – |
| March 23, 1959 | Sims v. United States | Charles Evans Whittaker | 359 U.S. 108 (1959) | 106 |
| March 23, 1959 | Tak Shan Fong v. United States | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 359 U.S. 102 (1959) | – |
| March 23, 1959 | Securities and Exchange Commission v. Variable Annuity Life Insurance Co. of America et al. | William Orville Douglas | 359 U.S. 65 (1959) | 231 |
| March 9, 1959 | Ganger et al. v. City of Miami. | Per curiam | 359 U.S. 64 (1959) | – |
| March 9, 1959 | Brown v. United States | Potter Stewart | 359 U.S. 41 (1959) | 239 |
| March 9, 1959 | United States v. Embassy Restaurant, Inc., et al. | Tom C. Clark | 359 U.S. 29 (1959) | 131 |
| March 2, 1959 | E T & W N C Transportation Co. v. Currie, Commissioner of Revenue of North Carolina. | Per curiam | 359 U.S. 28 (1959) | – |
| March 2, 1959 | Harris v. United States | Tom C. Clark | 359 U.S. 19 (1959) | 147 |
| March 2, 1959 | New York v. O'Neill | Felix Frankfurter | 359 U.S. 1 (1959) | 111 |
| February 24, 1959 | City of Meridian v. Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 639 (1959) | 186 |
| February 24, 1959 | Cash v. Culver, State Prison Custodian | Potter Stewart | 358 U.S. 633 (1959) | – |
| February 24, 1959 | Kermarec v. Compagnie Generale Transatlantique | Potter Stewart | 358 U.S. 625 (1959) | 1014 |
| February 24, 1959 | United New York and New Jersey Sandy Hook Pilots Association et al. v. Halecki, Administratrix | Potter Stewart | 358 U.S. 613 (1959) | 264 |
| February 24, 1959 | The Tungus et al. v. Skovgaard, Administratrix, et al. | Potter Stewart | 358 U.S. 588 (1959) | 273 |
| February 24, 1959 | Williams v. Oklahoma | Charles Evans Whittaker | 358 U.S. 576 (1959) | 452 |
| February 24, 1959 | Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Bowers, Tax Commissioner of Ohio | Charles Evans Whittaker | 358 U.S. 534 (1959) | – |
| February 24, 1959 | Allied Stores of Ohio, Inc., v. Bowers, Tax Commissioner of Ohio | Charles Evans Whittaker | 358 U.S. 522 (1959) | 747 |
| February 24, 1959 | Kelly v. Kosuga | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 358 U.S. 516 (1959) | 318 |
| February 24, 1959 | Cammarano et Ux. v. United States | John Marshall Harlan | 358 U.S. 498 (1959) | 275 |
| February 24, 1959 | Railway Express Agency, Inc., v. Virginia | Tom C. Clark | 358 U.S. 434 (1959) | – |
| February 24, 1959 | Northwestern States Portland Cement Co. v. Minnesota | Tom C. Clark | 358 U.S. 450 (1959) | 531 |
| February 24, 1959 | Crumady v. the Joachim Hendrik Fisser et al. | William Orville Douglas | 358 U.S. 423 (1959) | 485 |
| February 24, 1959 | Heflin v. United States | William Orville Douglas | 358 U.S. 415 (1959) | 600 |
| February 24, 1959 | Romero v. International Terminal Operating Co. et al. | Felix Frankfurter | 358 U.S. 354 (1959) | 1043 |
| February 24, 1959 | United States v. Radio Corporation of America et al. | Earl Warren | 358 U.S. 334 (1959) | 219 |
| January 26, 1959 | Herrmann, Trustee, v. Rogers, Attorney General | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 332 (1959) | – |
| January 26, 1959 | Rogers, Attorney General, Successor to the Alien Property Custodian, v. Calumet National Bank of Hammond, Substituted Trustee, et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 331 (1959) | – |
| January 26, 1959 | Greene v. United States | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 326 (1959) | – |
| January 26, 1959 | Draper v. United States | Charles Evans Whittaker | 358 U.S. 307 (1959) | 3191 |
| January 19, 1959 | Local 24, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America, Afl-Cio, et al. v. Oliver et al. | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 358 U.S. 283 (1959) | 255 |
| January 12, 1959 | United States Ex Rel. Jennings v. Ragen, Warden | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 276 (1959) | – |
| January 12, 1959 | Hahn v. Ross Island Sand & Gravel Co. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 272 (1959) | – |
| January 12, 1959 | Hotel Employees Union, Local No. 255, et al. v. Sax Enterprises, Inc., et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 270 (1959) | – |
| January 12, 1959 | International Boxing Club of New York, Inc., et al. v. United States | Tom C. Clark | 358 U.S. 242 (1959) | 160 |
| January 12, 1959 | Lee v. Madigan, Warden | William Orville Douglas | 358 U.S. 228 (1959) | – |
| January 12, 1959 | Territory of Alaska v. American Can Co. et al. | William Orville Douglas | 358 U.S. 224 (1959) | – |
| January 12, 1959 | Williams et Ux. v. Lee, Doing Business as Ganado Trading Post | Hugo Lafayette Black | 358 U.S. 217 (1959) | 1006 |
| January 12, 1959 | Mitchell, Secretary of Labor, v. Lublin, McGaughy & Associates et al. | Earl Warren | 358 U.S. 207 (1959) | 332 |
| December 15, 1958 | Evers et al. v. Dwyer et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 202 (1958) | 188 |
| December 15, 1958 | Leedom et al., Members of the National Labor Relations Board, v. Kyne | Charles Evans Whittaker | 358 U.S. 184 (1958) | 999 |
| December 15, 1958 | Ladner v. United States | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 358 U.S. 169 (1958) | 631 |
| December 15, 1958 | Flemming, Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, v. Florida Citrus Exchange et al. | William Joseph Brennan Jr. | 358 U.S. 153 (1958) | – |
| December 15, 1958 | Flaxer v. United States | William Orville Douglas | 358 U.S. 147 (1958) | – |
| December 15, 1958 | American Trucking Associations, Inc., et al. v. Frisco Transportation Co. | Earl Warren | 358 U.S. 133 (1958) | 172 |
| December 8, 1958 | United States v. a & P Trucking Co. et al. | John Marshall Harlan | 358 U.S. 121 (1958) | – |
| December 8, 1958 | United Gas Pipe Line Co. v. Memphis Light, Gas and Water Division et al. | John Marshall Harlan | 358 U.S. 103 (1958) | 169 |
| November 24, 1958 | Shuttlesworth et al. v. Birmingham Board of Education of Jefferson County, Alabama. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 101 (1958) | – |
| November 24, 1958 | Hotel Employees Local No. 255, Hotel and Restaurant Employees and Bartenders International Union, et al. v. Leedom, Chairman, National Labor Relations Board, et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 99 (1958) | – |
| November 24, 1958 | Federal Housing Administration v. the Darlington, Inc. | William Orville Douglas | 358 U.S. 84 (1958) | 292 |
| November 24, 1958 | Hawkins v. United States | Hugo Lafayette Black | 358 U.S. 74 (1958) | 277 |
| November 17, 1958 | Boston & Maine Railroad et al. v. United States et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 68 (1958) | – |
| November 10, 1958 | Hinkle, Administratrix, et al. v. New England Mutual Insurance Company of Boston, Massachusetts | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 65 (1958) | – |
| November 10, 1958 | California v. Washington | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 64 (1958) | – |
| November 10, 1958 | Peurifoy et al. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 59 (1958) | 449 |
| October 27, 1958 | Worz, Inc., v. Federal Communications Commission et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 55 (1958) | – |
| October 27, 1958 | Deen v. Hickman, Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Texas, et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 57 (1958) | – |
| October 20, 1958 | Wirl Television Corp. v. United States et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 51 (1958) | – |
| October 20, 1958 | Sangamon Valley Television Corp. v. United States et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 49 (1958) | – |
| October 13, 1958 | Moore v. Terminal Railroad Association of St. Louis | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 31 (1958) | – |
| September 12, 1958 | Cooper et al., Members of the Board of Directors of the Little Rock, Arkansas, Independent School District, et al. v. Aaron et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 1 (1958) | 1010 |
| September 12, 1958 | Aaron et al. v. Cooper et al., Members of the Board of Directors of the Little Rock, Arkansas, Independent School District, et al. | Per curiam | 358 U.S. 27 (1958) | – |