Haaland v. Brackeen

Decided June 15, 2023. Amy Coney Barrett delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 21-376 · 599 U.S. 255 (2023) · Cited 138 times

Holding

In child custody proceedings governed by the Indian Child Welfare Act, the Court affirms the Fifth Circuit’s conclusion that ICWA is consistent with Congress’s Article I authority, rejects petitioners’ anticommandeering challenges under the Tenth Amendment, and finds the parties lack standing to litigate their other challenges to ICWA’s placement preferences.

The Court’s statement of the holding, from the opinion’s syllabus. The syllabus is prepared by the Reporter of Decisions and is not part of the opinion of the Court. Read the official opinion for authority.

How the Justices voted

Decided 7–2.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. The lineup is the syllabus’s disposition of who wrote and joined each opinion. Source: the opinion’s syllabus (supremecourt.gov).

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• United States v. Lara · 541 U.S. 193 (2004)
• Printz v. United States · 521 U.S. 898 (1997)
• United States v. Kagama · 118 U.S. 375 (1886)
• United States v. Holliday · 70 U.S. 407 (1866)
• Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl · 570 U.S. 637 (2013)
• Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida · 517 U.S. 44 (1996)
• United States v. Lopez · 514 U.S. 549 (1995)
• United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp. · 299 U.S. 304 (1936)
• Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez · 436 U.S. 49 (1978)
• Fisher v. District Court of the Sixteenth Judicial District of Montana · 424 U.S. 382 (1976)
• Cotton Petroleum Corp. v. New Mexico · 490 U.S. 163 (1989)
• Morton v. Mancari · 417 U.S. 535 (1974)
• Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife · 504 U.S. 555 (1992)
• New York v. United States · 505 U.S. 144 (1992)
• McClanahan v. Arizona State Tax Commission · 411 U.S. 164 (1973)
• Antoine v. Washington · 420 U.S. 194 (1975)
• Hillman v. Maretta · 569 U.S. 483 (2013)
• United States v. Creek Nation · 295 U.S. 103 (1935)
• Sosna v. Iowa · 419 U.S. 393 (1975)
• Georgia v. McCollum · 505 U.S. 42 (1992)
• United States v. Wheeler · 435 U.S. 313 (1978)
• Ridgway v. Ridgway · 454 U.S. 46 (1981)
• Reno v. Condon · 528 U.S. 141 (2000)
• South Dakota v. Yankton Sioux Tribe · 522 U.S. 329 (1998)
• Delaware Tribal Business Committee v. Weeks · 430 U.S. 73 (1977)
• Sunderland v. United States · 266 U.S. 226 (1924)
• Winton v. Amos · 255 U.S. 373 (1921)
• United States v. Mitchell · 463 U.S. 206 (1983)
• Gibbons v. Ogden · 22 U.S. 1 (1824)
• United States v. Bass · 404 U.S. 336 (1971)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Arizona v. Navajo Nation · 599 U.S. 555 (2023)
• United States v. Texas · 599 U.S. 670 (2023)
• Trump v. CASA, Inc. · 606 U.S. 831 (2025)
• Corner Post, Inc. v. Board of Governors · 603 U.S. 799 (2024)
• Moore v. United States · 602 U.S. 572 (2024)

Official text

Read the official opinion (PDF, supremecourt.gov)

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Amy Coney Barrett’s profile · All Supreme Court opinions · The Supreme Court

Source: Supreme Court of the United States, slip opinions (2023). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-08-15. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).