United States ex rel. Polansky v. Executive Health Resources, Inc.

Decided June 16, 2023. Elena Kagan delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 21-1052 · 599 U.S. 419 (2023) · Cited 74 times

Holding

In a qui tam action filed under the False Claims Act, the United States may move to dismiss under 31 U. S. C. §3730(c)(2)(A) whenever it has intervened—whether during the seal period or later on; in assessing a motion to dismiss an FCA action over a relator’s objection, district courts should apply the rule generally governing voluntary dismissal of suits in ordinary civil litigation—Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a).

The Court’s statement of the holding, from the opinion’s syllabus. The syllabus is prepared by the Reporter of Decisions and is not part of the opinion of the Court. Read the official opinion for authority.

How the Justices voted

Decided 8–1.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. The lineup is the syllabus’s disposition of who wrote and joined each opinion. Source: the opinion’s syllabus (supremecourt.gov).

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Vermont Agency of Natural Resources v. United States Ex Rel. Stevens · 529 U.S. 765 (2000)
• United States ex rel. Eisenstein v. City of New York · 556 U.S. 928 (2009)
• Montclair v. Ramsdell · 107 U.S. 147 (1883)
• Jones v. Bock · 549 U.S. 199 (2007)
• Buckley v. Valeo · 424 U.S. 1 (1976)
• Cooter & Gell v. Hartmarx Corp. · 496 U.S. 384 (1990)
• Walz v. Tax Comm'n of City of New York · 397 U.S. 664 (1970)
• Gonzales v. Raich · 545 U.S. 1 (2005)
• Skilling v. United States · 561 U.S. 358 (2010)
• Marek v. Chesny · 473 U.S. 1 (1985)
• Marsh v. Chambers · 463 U.S. 783 (1983)
• United States v. Rumely · 345 U.S. 41 (1953)
• United States v. American Tobacco Co. · 221 U.S. 106 (1911)
• Rainwater v. United States · 356 U.S. 590 (1958)
• United States v. McNinch · 356 U.S. 595 (1958)
• Freeman v. Quicken Loans, Inc. · 566 U.S. 624 (2012)

Official text

Read the official opinion (PDF, supremecourt.gov)

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Source: Supreme Court of the United States, slip opinions (2023). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-08-15. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).