United States Ex Rel. Toth v. Quarles, Secretary of the Air Force

Decided November 7, 1955. Hugo Lafayette Black delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 3 · 350 U.S. 11 (1955) · Cited 538 times

We don’t yet publish a summary of this opinion — read the official text below for the Court’s holding and reasoning.

How the Justices voted

Decided 6–3.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Ex Parte Milligan · 71 U.S. 2 (1867)
• Ex Parte Quirin · 317 U.S. 1 (1942)
• Ex Parte Endo · 323 U.S. 283 (1945)
• Skiriotes v. Florida · 313 U.S. 69 (1941)
• Duncan v. Kahanamoku · 327 U.S. 304 (1946)
• Aetna Life Insurance v. Haworth · 300 U.S. 227 (1937)
• Gully v. First Nat. Bank in Meridian · 299 U.S. 109 (1936)
• Osborn v. Bank of United States · 22 U.S. 738 (1824)
• Patton v. United States · 281 U.S. 276 (1930)
• Dimick v. Schiedt · 293 U.S. 474 (1935)
• Muskrat v. United States · 219 U.S. 346 (1911)
• United States v. Bowman · 260 U.S. 94 (1922)
• Billings v. Truesdell · 321 U.S. 542 (1944)
• In Re Yamashita · 327 U.S. 1 (1946)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Reid v. Covert · 354 U.S. 1 (1957)
• Kinsella v. United States Ex Rel. Singleton · 361 U.S. 234 (1960)
• Solorio v. United States · 483 U.S. 435 (1987)
• Schlesinger v. Councilman · 420 U.S. 738 (1975)
• Rumsfeld v. Padilla · 542 U.S. 426 (2004)
• Northern Pipeline Construction Co. v. Marathon Pipe Line Co. · 458 U.S. 50 (1982)
• Gosa v. Mayden · 413 U.S. 665 (1973)
• United States v. Denedo · 556 U.S. 904 (2009)
• United States v. Raddatz · 447 U.S. 667 (1980)
• Greer v. Spock · 424 U.S. 828 (1976)
• O'Callahan v. Parker · 395 U.S. 258 (1969)
• United States v. Gainey · 380 U.S. 63 (1965)
• Parker v. Levy · 417 U.S. 733 (1974)
• Turner v. United States · 396 U.S. 398 (1970)
• Parisi v. Davidson · 405 U.S. 34 (1972)
• Jay v. Boyd · 351 U.S. 345 (1956)
• United States v. Kebodeaux · 570 U.S. 387 (2013)
• Ortiz v. United States · 585 U.S. 427 (2018)
• North Carolina v. Pearce · 395 U.S. 711 (1969)
• Jackson v. Denno · 378 U.S. 368 (1964)
• Duncan v. Louisiana · 391 U.S. 145 (1968)
• Braden v. 30th Judicial Circuit Court of Kentucky · 410 U.S. 484 (1973)
• Whitmore Ex Rel. Simmons v. Arkansas · 495 U.S. 149 (1990)
• Trop v. Dulles · 356 U.S. 86 (1958)
• Republic Steel Corp. v. Maddox · 379 U.S. 650 (1965)
• Laird v. Tatum · 408 U.S. 1 (1972)
• Commodity Futures Trading Commission v. Schor · 478 U.S. 833 (1986)
• United States v. MacDonald · 456 U.S. 1 (1982)
• United States v. MacDonald · 435 U.S. 850 (1978)
• Glidden Co. v. Zdanok · 370 U.S. 530 (1962)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: the U.S. Reports via govinfo.gov; authoring Justice and vote lineup from the Supreme Court Database (Washington University). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).