A. J. T. v. Osseo Area Schools, Independent School Dist. No. 279

Decided June 12, 2025. John Glover Roberts Jr. delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 24-249 · 605 U.S. 335 (2025) · Cited 13 times

Holding

Schoolchildren bringing claims related to their education under either Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act or Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act are not required to make a heightened showing of “bad faith or gross misjudgment” but instead are subject to the same standards that apply in other disability discrimination contexts.

The Court’s statement of the holding, from the opinion’s syllabus. The syllabus is prepared by the Reporter of Decisions and is not part of the opinion of the Court. Read the official opinion for authority.

How the Justices voted

Decided 9–0.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. The lineup is the syllabus’s disposition of who wrote and joined each opinion. Source: the opinion’s syllabus (supremecourt.gov).

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Smith v. Robinson · 468 U.S. 992 (1984)
• Alexander v. Choate · 469 U.S. 287 (1985)
• Tolan v. Cotton · 572 U.S. 650 (2014)
• Norfolk Southern Railway Co. v. Sorrell · 549 U.S. 158 (2007)
• Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District · 524 U.S. 274 (1998)
• Barnes v. Gorman · 536 U.S. 181 (2002)
• City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, Inc. · 473 U.S. 432 (1985)
• United States v. Lopez · 514 U.S. 549 (1995)
• Alexander v. Sandoval · 532 U.S. 275 (2001)
• Board of Trustees of Univ. of Ala. v. Garrett · 531 U.S. 356 (2001)
• Honig v. Doe · 484 U.S. 305 (1988)
• Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman · 451 U.S. 1 (1981)
• New York v. United States · 505 U.S. 144 (1992)
• United States v. Detroit Timber & Lumber Co. · 200 U.S. 321 (1906)
• Glover v. United States · 531 U.S. 198 (2001)
• Tennessee v. Lane · 541 U.S. 509 (2004)
• Alabama v. North Carolina · 560 U.S. 330 (2010)
• Dean v. United States · 556 U.S. 568 (2009)
• Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College · 600 U.S. 181 (2023)
• Luna Perez v. Sturgis Public Schools · 598 U.S. 142 (2023)

Official text

Read the official opinion (PDF, supremecourt.gov)

Explore from here

John Glover Roberts Jr.’s profile · All Supreme Court opinions · The Supreme Court

Source: Supreme Court of the United States, slip opinions (2025). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-08-15. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).