Kay Barnes, Etc., et al. v. Jeffrey Gorman

Decided June 17, 2002. Antonin Scalia delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 01-682 · 536 U.S. 181 (2002) · Cited 655 times

We don’t yet publish a summary of this opinion — read the official text below for the Court’s holding and reasoning.

How the Justices voted

Decided 9–0.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools · 503 U.S. 60 (1992)
• Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District · 524 U.S. 274 (1998)
• City of Newport v. Fact Concerts, Inc. · 453 U.S. 247 (1981)
• Davis Ex Rel. LaShonda D. v. Monroe County Board of Education · 526 U.S. 629 (1999)
• Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman · 451 U.S. 1 (1981)
• Cannon v. University of Chicago · 441 U.S. 677 (1979)
• Guardians Assn. v. Civil Serv. Comm'n of New York City · 463 U.S. 582 (1983)
• Bell v. Hood · 327 U.S. 678 (1946)
• Alexander v. Sandoval · 532 U.S. 275 (2001)
• Vermont Agency of Natural Resources v. United States Ex Rel. Stevens · 529 U.S. 765 (2000)
• Lau v. Nichols · 414 U.S. 563 (1974)
• Bennett v. Kentucky Department of Education · 470 U.S. 656 (1985)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Cummings v. Premier Rehab Keller · 596 U.S. 212 (2022)
• Arlington Central School District Board of Education v. Murphy · 548 U.S. 291 (2006)
• National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius · 567 U.S. 519 (2012)
• Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Education · 544 U.S. 167 (2005)
• A. J. T. v. Osseo Area Schools, Independent School Dist. No. 279 · 605 U.S. 335 (2025)
• United States Trustee v. John Q. Hammons Fall 2006, LLC · 602 U.S. 487 (2024)
• Moyle v. United States · 603 U.S. 324 (2024)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: the U.S. Reports via govinfo.gov; authoring Justice and vote lineup from the Supreme Court Database (Washington University). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).