Ford Motor Co. v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Decided June 28, 1982. Sandra Day O'Connor delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 81-300 · 458 U.S. 219 (1982) · Cited 768 times

We don’t yet publish a summary of this opinion — read the official text below for the Court’s holding and reasoning.

How the Justices voted

Decided 6–3.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody · 422 U.S. 405 (1975)
• Franks v. Bowman Transportation Co. · 424 U.S. 747 (1976)
• Texas Department of Community Affairs v. Burdine · 450 U.S. 248 (1981)
• International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. United States · 431 U.S. 324 (1977)
• McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · 411 U.S. 792 (1973)
• Moragne v. States Marine Lines, Inc. · 398 U.S. 375 (1970)
• Humphrey v. Moore · 375 U.S. 335 (1964)
• American Tobacco Co. v. Patterson · 456 U.S. 63 (1982)
• Louisiana v. United States · 380 U.S. 145 (1965)
• Griggs v. Duke Power Co. · 401 U.S. 424 (1971)
• Alexander v. Gardner-Denver Co. · 415 U.S. 36 (1974)
• Zipes v. Trans World Airlines, Inc. · 455 U.S. 385 (1982)
• Furnco Construction Corp. v. Waters · 438 U.S. 567 (1978)
• Holmberg v. Armbrecht · 327 U.S. 392 (1946)
• Phelps Dodge Corp. v. National Labor Relations Board · 313 U.S. 177 (1941)
• Trans World Airlines, Inc. v. Hardison · 432 U.S. 63 (1977)
• City of Los Angeles Department of Water v. Manhart · 435 U.S. 702 (1978)
• Board of Trustees of Keene State College v. Sweeney · 439 U.S. 24 (1978)
• Mitchell v. Robert DeMario Jewelry, Inc. · 361 U.S. 288 (1960)
• National Labor Relations Board v. Nevada Consolidated Copper Corp. · 316 U.S. 105 (1942)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Waffle House, Inc. · 534 U.S. 279 (2002)
• Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Inc. · 550 U.S. 618 (2007)
• Firefighters Local Union No. 1784 v. Stotts · 467 U.S. 561 (1984)
• MacH Mining, LLC v. Equal Emp't Opportunity Comm'n · 575 U.S. 480 (2015)
• Local 28 of the Sheet Metal Workers' International Ass'n v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission · 478 U.S. 421 (1986)
• Independent Federation of Flight Attendants v. Zipes · 491 U.S. 754 (1989)
• Faragher v. City of Boca Raton · 524 U.S. 775 (1998)
• Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth · 524 U.S. 742 (1998)
• Pennsylvania State Police v. Suders · 542 U.S. 129 (2004)
• Local Number 93, International Ass'n of Firefighters v. City of Cleveland · 478 U.S. 501 (1986)
• Goodman v. Lukens Steel Co. · 482 U.S. 656 (1987)
• Crawford v. Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson Cty. · 555 U.S. 271 (2009)
• Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Shell Oil Co. · 466 U.S. 54 (1984)
• Lorance v. At&t Technologies, Inc. · 490 U.S. 900 (1989)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: the U.S. Reports via govinfo.gov; authoring Justice and vote lineup from the Supreme Court Database (Washington University). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).