Armstrong v. Exceptional Child Center, Inc.

Decided March 31, 2015. Antonin Scalia delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 14-15 · 575 U.S. 320 (2015) · Cited 544 times

Holding

The judgment is reversed.

The Court’s statement of the holding, from the opinion’s syllabus. The syllabus is prepared by the Reporter of Decisions and is not part of the opinion of the Court — read the official opinion for authority.

How the Justices voted

Decided 5–4.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida · 517 U.S. 44 (1996)
• Gonzaga University v. Doe · 536 U.S. 273 (2002)
• Alexander v. Sandoval · 532 U.S. 275 (2001)
• Rosado v. Wyman · 397 U.S. 397 (1970)
• Wilder v. Virginia Hospital Assn. · 496 U.S. 498 (1990)
• Osborn v. Bank of United States · 22 U.S. 738 (1824)
• Golden State Transit Corp. v. City of Los Angeles · 493 U.S. 103 (1989)
• Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America v. Walsh, Acting Commissioner, Maine Department of Human Services · 538 U.S. 644 (2003)
• Verizon Maryland Inc. v. Public Service Commission of Maryland · 535 U.S. 635 (2002)
• Douglas v. Independent Living Center of Southern California, Inc. · 565 U.S. 606 (2012)
• Chevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. · 467 U.S. 837 (1984)
• Skidmore v. Swift & Co. · 323 U.S. 134 (1944)
• Shaw v. Delta Air Lines, Inc. · 463 U.S. 85 (1983)
• Maine v. Thiboutot · 448 U.S. 1 (1980)
• Amoco Production Co. v. Village of Gambell · 480 U.S. 531 (1987)
• Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman · 451 U.S. 1 (1981)
• Green v. Mansour · 474 U.S. 64 (1985)
• Federal Power Commission v. Hope Natural Gas Co. · 320 U.S. 591 (1944)
• Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization · 441 U.S. 600 (1979)
• Bragdon v. Abbott · 524 U.S. 624 (1998)
• United States v. Detroit Timber & Lumber Co. · 200 U.S. 321 (1906)
• Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency · 549 U.S. 497 (2007)
• Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council · 530 U.S. 363 (2000)
• Porter v. Warner Holding Co. · 328 U.S. 395 (1946)
• Japan Whaling Ass'n v. American Cetacean Society · 478 U.S. 221 (1986)
• United States v. Stanley · 483 U.S. 669 (1987)
• Universities Research Assn., Inc. v. Coutu · 450 U.S. 754 (1981)
• Immigration & Naturalization Service v. Pangilinan · 486 U.S. 875 (1988)
• Hedges v. Dixon County · 150 U.S. 182 (1893)
• Douglas v. Seacoast Products, Inc. · 431 U.S. 265 (1977)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Liu v. SEC. & Exch. Comm'n · 591 U.S. 71 (2020)
• Kansas v. Garcia · 589 U.S. 191 (2020)
• Espinoza v. Montana Dept. of Revenue · 591 U.S. 464 (2020)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

Explore from here

Antonin Scalia’s profile · All Supreme Court opinions · The Supreme Court

Source: Supreme Court of the United States, slip opinions (2015). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).