Supreme Court / Appointed 1994 / Served to 2022
Portrait of Stephen Gerald Breyer

Stephen Gerald Breyer

Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States

Appointed by President William J. Clinton in 1994 and confirmed by the Senate 879, Stephen Gerald Breyer was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. He earned a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1964. He previously served on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit. 217 opinions of the Court ↓ Sources ↓

Born
1938 · age 88
Appointed by
William J. Clinton, 1994
Confirmed
87–9
Education
Stanford 1959 · Harvard Law School 1964

Federal judicial service

YearCourtAppointed byVote
1980First CircuitCarter (D)80–10
1994Supreme CourtClinton (D)87–9

Party letters show the appointing president’s party, not the judge’s own.

Confirmation vote

Nomination Confirmed 879 on July 29, 1994 · 103rd Congress, Roll Call 242. Each senator links to their judicial-voting record.

Voted to confirm · 87

54 D, 33 R

Voted against · 9

9 R

Did not vote · 4

2 D, 2 R

Education

Opinions of the Court

Breyer delivered 217 opinions of the Court in the covered window (October Term 1994 – October Term 2021). Most cited: United States v. Freddie J. Booker (23,210 citations).

YearCaseCitationCited
2022Torres v. Texas Department of Public Safety597 U.S. 580 (2022)39
2022Xiulu Ruan v. United States597 U.S. 450 (2022)158
2022United States v. Washington596 U.S. 832 (2022)33
2022Shurtleff v. Boston596 U.S. 243 (2022)30
2022United States v. Zubaydah595 U.S. 195 (2022)15
2022Unicolors, Inc. v. H&M Hennes & Mauritz, L. P.595 U.S. 178 (2022)56
2021Mahanoy Area School Dist. v. B. L.594 U.S. 180 (2021)30
2021California v. Texas593 U.S. 659 (2021)152
2021United States v. Cooley593 U.S. 345 (2021)22
2021AMG Capital Management, LLC v. FTC593 U.S. 67 (2021)29
2021Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.593 U.S. 1 (2021)7
2020Carney v. Adams592 U.S. 53 (2020)257
2020June Medical Services L. L. C. v. Russo591 U.S. ___ (2020)
2020Financial Oversight and Management Bd. for Puerto Rico v. Aurelius Investment, LLC590 U.S. 448 (2020)26
2020County of Maui v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund590 U.S. 165 (2020)81
2020Guerrero-Lasprilla v. Barr589 U.S. 221 (2020)368
2020Holguin-Hernandez v. United States589 U.S. 169 (2020)418
2019Rehaif v. United States588 U.S. 225 (2019)1955
2019PDR Network, LLC v. Carlton Harris Chiropractic, Inc.588 U.S. 1 (2019)63
2019Taggart v. Lorenzen587 U.S. 554 (2019)478
2019Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. v. Albrecht587 U.S. 299 (2019)108
2019Lorenzo v. SEC587 U.S. 71 (2019)141
2019Obduskey v. McCarthy & Holthus LLP586 U.S. 466 (2019)226
2019Washington State Dept. of Licensing v. Cougar Den, Inc.586 U.S. 347 (2019)
2018United States v. Stitt586 U.S. 27 (2018)167
2018Florida v. Georgia585 U.S. 803 (2018)13
2018Chavez-Meza v. United States585 U.S. 109 (2018)477
2018Lagos v. United States584 U.S. 577 (2018)112
2018Dahda v. United States584 U.S. 440 (2018)36
2018Wilson v. Sellers584 U.S. 122 (2018)1836
2018Marinello v. United States584 U.S. 1 (2018)82
2017Turner v. United States582 U.S. 313 (2017)194
2017McWilliams v. Dunn582 U.S. 183 (2017)71
2017Howell v. Howell581 U.S. 214 (2017)95
2017Midland Funding Llc v. Johnson581 U.S. 224 (2017)115
2017Bank of America Corp. v. City of Miami, Florida581 U.S. 189 (2017)263
2017Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela v. Helmerich & Payne International Drilling Co.581 U.S. 170 (2017)128
2017Czyzewski v. Jevic Holding Corp.580 U.S. 451 (2017)305
2016Shaw v. United States
2016Whole Woman'S Health v. Hellerstedt579 U.S. 582 (2016)
2016Cuozzo Speed Technologies, Llc v. Lee579 U.S. 261 (2016)322
2016Wittman v. Personhuballah578 U.S. 539 (2016)
2016Heffernan v. City of Paterson, New Jersey578 U.S. 266 (2016)167
2016Harris v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission578 U.S. 253 (2016)
2016California Franchise Tax Board v. Hyatt578 U.S. 171 (2016)
2016Luis v. United States578 U.S. 5 (2016)
2015Directv, Inc. v. Imburgia577 U.S. 47 (2015)
2015Kingsley v. Hendrickson576 U.S. 389 (2015)4087
2015Walker v. Texas Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Inc.576 U.S. 200 (2015)308
2015Tibble v. Edison International575 U.S. 523 (2015)265
2015Coleman v. Tollefson575 U.S. 532 (2015)1183
2015Oneok, Inc., v. Learjet, Inc.575 U.S. 373 (2015)289
2015Young v. Ups575 U.S. 206 (2015)449
2015Ala. Legislative Black Caucus v. Alabama575 U.S. 254 (2015)127
2015Teva Pharms. USA, Inc. v. Sandoz, Inc.574 U.S. 318 (2015)
2014NLRB v. Noel Canning573 U.S. 513 (2014)
2014American Broadcasting Cos. v. Aereo, Inc.573 U.S. 431 (2014)
2014Fifth Third Bancorp v. Dudenhoeffer573 U.S. 409 (2014)
2014Robers v. United States572 U.S. 639 (2014)120
2014Bg Group Plc v. Republic of Argentina572 U.S. 25 (2014)319
2014Chadbourne & Parke Llp v. Troice571 U.S. 377 (2014)120
2014Medtronic, Inc. v. Mirowski Family Ventures, Llc571 U.S. 191 (2014)200
2013United States, Petitioner v. Anthony James Kebodeaux570 U.S. 387 (2013)105
2013Federal Trade Commission, Petitioner v. Actavis, Inc., et al.570 U.S. 136 (2013)237
2013Carlos Trevino, Petitioner v. Rick Thaler, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division569 U.S. 413 (2013)1236
2013Randy Curtis Bullock, Petitioner v. Bankchampaign, N. a.569 U.S. 267 (2013)459
2013The Standard Fire Insurance Company, Petitioner v. Greg Knowles568 U.S. 588 (2013)509
2013Supap Kirtsaeng, Dba Bluechristine99, Petitioner v. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.568 U.S. 519 (2013)145
2013Armarcion D. Henderson, Petitioner v. United States568 U.S. 266 (2013)809
2013Fane Lozman, Petitioner v. the City of Riviera Beach, Florida568 U.S. 115 (2013)107
2012Edward Dorsey, Sr., Petitioner v. United States567 U.S. 260 (2012)1010
2012Christine Armour, et al., Petitioners v. City of Indianapolis, Indiana, et al.566 U.S. 673 (2012)252
2012United States, Petitioner v. Home Concrete & Supply, Llc, et al.566 U.S. 478 (2012)105
2012Mayo Collaborative Services, Dba Mayo Medical Laboratories, et al., Petitioners v. Prometheus Laboratories, Inc.566 U.S. 66 (2012)915
2012Toby Douglas, Director, California Department of Health Care Services, Petitioner v. Independent Living Center of Southern California, Inc., et al.565 U.S. 606 (2012)183
2012Billy Joe Reynolds, Petitioner v. United States565 U.S. 432 (2012)171
2012Margaret Minneci, et al. v. Richard Lee Pollard et al.565 U.S. 118 (2012)
2011Michael D. Turner, Petitioner v. Rebecca L. Rogers et al.564 U.S. 431 (2011)
2011Charles Andrew Fowler, Aka Man, Petitioner v. United States563 U.S. 668 (2011)112
2011United States, Petitioner v. Jason Louis Tinklenberg563 U.S. 647 (2011)
2011Cigna Corporation, et al., Petitioners v. Janice C. Amara, et al., Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated563 U.S. 421 (2011)744
2011Kevin Kasten, Petitioner v. Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation563 U.S. 1 (2011)
2011Delbert Williamson, et al., Petitioners v. Mazda Motor of America, Inc., et al.562 U.S. 323 (2011)
2010Los Angeles County, California, Petitioner v. Craig Arthur Humphries et al.562 U.S. 29 (2010)104
2010Albert Holland v. Florida560 U.S. 631 (2010)
2010Brian Russell Dolan v. United States560 U.S. 605 (2010)
2010Michael Gary Barber, et al. v. J. E. Thomas, Warden560 U.S. 474 (2010)273
2010United States v. Glenn Marcus560 U.S. 258 (2010)
2010United States v. Graydon Earl Comstock, Jr., et al.560 U.S. 126 (2010)259
2010Merck & Co., Inc., et al. v. Richard Reynolds et al.559 U.S. 633 (2010)
2010The Hertz Corporation v. Melinda Friend et al.559 U.S. 77 (2010)2766
2010Keith Smith, Warden v. Frank G. Spisak, Jr.558 U.S. 139 (2010)199
2009Anita Alvarez, Cook County State'S Attorney v. Chermane Smith et al.558 U.S. 87 (2009)349
2009Manoj Nijhawan v. Eric H. Holder, Jr., Attorney General557 U.S. 29 (2009)738
2009Polar Tankers, Inc. v. City of Valdez, Alaska557 U.S. 1 (2009)101
2009Ignacio Carlos Flores-Figueroa v. United States556 U.S. 646 (2009)579
2009Eric K. Shinseki, Secretary of Veterans Affairs v. Woodrow F. Sanders556 U.S. 396 (2009)2961
2009Ministry of Defense and Support for the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran v. Dariush Elahi556 U.S. 366 (2009)
2009John Van De Kamp, et al. v. Thomas Lee Goldstein555 U.S. 335 (2009)855
2009Daniel B. Locke, et al. v. Edward a. Karass, State Controller, et al.555 U.S. 207 (2009)
2009Deondery Chambers v. United States555 U.S. 122 (2009)627
2008Sprint Communs. Co., L.p. v. Apcc Servs.554 U.S. 269 (2008)726
2008Indiana v. Edwards554 U.S. 164 (2008)1118
2008Ky. Ret. Sys. v. EEOC554 U.S. 135 (2008)
2008Metro. Life INS. Co. v. Glenn554 U.S. 105 (2008)1751
2008Cbocs West, Inc. v. Hedrick G. Humphries553 U.S. 442 (2008)807
2008Larry Begay v. United States553 U.S. 137 (2008)1437
2008G. Steven Rowe, Attorney General of Maine v. New Hampshire Motor Transport Association, et al.552 U.S. 364 (2008)348
2008John R. Sand & Gravel Company v. United States552 U.S. 130 (2008)519
2007Victor a. Rita v. United States551 U.S. 338 (2007)7739
2007Credit Suisse Securities (usa) Llc, Fka Credit Suisse First Boston Llc, et al. v. Glen Billing et al.551 U.S. 264 (2007)
2007Long Island Care at Home, Ltd., et al. v. Evelyn Coke551 U.S. 158 (2007)339
2007Lisa Watson, et al. v. Philip Morris Companies, Inc., et al.551 U.S. 142 (2007)584
2007Zuni Public School District No. 89, et al. v. Department of Education, et al.550 U.S. 81 (2007)139
2007Global Crossing Telecommunications, Inc. v. Metrophones Telecommunications, Inc.550 U.S. 45 (2007)106
2007Philip Morris USA v. Mayola Williams, Personal Representative of the Estate of Jesse D. Williams, Deceased549 U.S. 346 (2007)322
2007Alberto R. Gonzales, Attorney General v. Luis Alexander Duenas-Alvarez549 U.S. 183 (2007)1029
2006Jeffrey a. Beard, Secretary, Pennsylvania Department of Corrections v. Ronald Banks, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated548 U.S. 521 (2006)797
2006Neil Randall, et al. v. William H. Sorrell et al.548 U.S. 230 (2006)254
2006Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Company v. Sheila White548 U.S. 53 (2006)7269
2006Joseph Scheidler, et al. v. National Organization for Women, Inc., et al.547 U.S. 9 (2006)145
2006Oregon v. Randy Lee Guzek546 U.S. 517 (2006)145
2006Mike Evans, Acting Warden v. Reginald Chavis546 U.S. 189 (2006)376
2005United States v. Joseph Olson, et al.546 U.S. 43 (2005)282
2005Mid-Con Freight Systems, Inc., et al. v. Michigan Public Service Commission, et al.545 U.S. 440 (2005)
2005American Trucking Associations, Inc. and Usf Holland, Inc. v. Michigan Public Service Commission et al.545 U.S. 429 (2005)121
2005Ulysses Tory, et al. v. Johnnie L. Cochran, Jr.544 U.S. 734 (2005)
2005Carman L. Deck v. Missouri544 U.S. 622 (2005)1034
2005Gary Sherwood Small v. United States544 U.S. 385 (2005)191
2005Dura Pharmaceuticals, Inc., et al. v. Michael Broudo et al.544 U.S. 336 (2005)2236
2005Reginald a. Wilkinson, Director, Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction, et al. v. William Dwight Dotson, et al.544 U.S. 74 (2005)2909
2005Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma and Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation v. Michael O. Leavitt, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al.543 U.S. 631 (2005)133
2005United States v. Freddie J. Booker543 U.S. 220 (2005)23210
2004Florida v. Joe Elton Nixon543 U.S. 175 (2004)963
2004State of Kansas v. State of Colorado543 U.S. 86 (2004)
2004F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, et al. v. Empagran S.a. et al.542 U.S. 155 (2004)212
2004City of Littleton, Colorado v. Z. J. Gifts D-4, L. L. C., a Limited Liability Company, Dba Christal'S541 U.S. 774 (2004)182
2004United States v. Billy Jo Lara541 U.S. 193 (2004)
2004George H. Baldwin v. Michael Reese541 U.S. 27 (2004)2198
2004Illinois v. Robert S. Lidster540 U.S. 419 (2004)398
2003Hernan O'Ryan Castro v. United States540 U.S. 375 (2003)1352
2003Marion Reynolds Stogner v. California539 U.S. 607 (2003)356
2003Green Tree Financial Corp., Nka Conseco Finance Corp. v. Lynn W. Bazzle et al., in a Representative Capacity on Behalf of a Class and for All Others Similarly Situated, et al.539 U.S. 444 (2003)523
2003Charles Thomas Sell v. United States539 U.S. 166 (2003)1055
2003Michael Fitzgerald, Treasurer of Iowa v. Racing Association of Central Iowa et al.539 U.S. 103 (2003)149
2003The Black & Decker Disability Plan v. Kenneth L. Nord538 U.S. 822 (2003)1373
2003A. Elliott Archer, et Ux. v. Arlene L. Warner538 U.S. 314 (2003)155
2003David Meyer, Individually and in His Capacity as President and Designated Officer/broker of Triad, Inc., Etc. v. Emma Mary Ellen Holley, et Vir, et al.537 U.S. 280 (2003)412
2003United States v. Francisco Jimenez Recio and Adrian Lopez-Meza537 U.S. 270 (2003)121
2002Karen Howsam, Etc. v. Dean Witter Reynolds, Inc.537 U.S. 79 (2002)1948
2002United States v. Angela Ruiz536 U.S. 622 (2002)1180
2002Utah, et al. v. Donald L. Evans, Secretary of Commerce, et al.536 U.S. 452 (2002)202
2002United States v. Fior D'Italia, Inc.536 U.S. 238 (2002)189
2002Tom L. Carey, Warden v. Tony Eugene Saffold536 U.S. 214 (2002)1072
2002Paul D. Lapides v. Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia, et al.535 U.S. 613 (2002)1425
2002US Airways, Inc. v. Robert Barnett535 U.S. 391 (2002)828
2002Jo Anne B. Barnhart, Commissioner of Social Security v. Cleveland B. Walton535 U.S. 212 (2002)1238
2002Kansas v. Michael T. Crane534 U.S. 407 (2002)765
2001Chickasaw Nation v. United States534 U.S. 84 (2001)405
2001Kestutis Zadvydas v. Christine G. Davis and Immigration and Naturalization Service533 U.S. 678 (2001)3847
2001Cedric Kushner Promotions, Ltd. v. Don King, et al.533 U.S. 158 (2001)482
2001Alabama v. Michael Herman Bozeman533 U.S. 146 (2001)241
2001The Wharf (holdings) Limited, et al. v. United International Holdings, Inc. et al.532 U.S. 588 (2001)
2001United States v. Terry J. Hatter, Jr., Judge, United States District Court for the Central District of California, et al.532 U.S. 557 (2001)190
2001Michael F. Easley, * Governor of North Carolina, et al. v. Martin Cromartie, et al.532 U.S. 234 (2001)
2001Paula L. Buford v. United States532 U.S. 59 (2001)448
2001Illinois v. Charles McArthur531 U.S. 326 (2001)735
2000Eastern Associated Coal Corporation v. United Mine Workers of America, District 17, et al.531 U.S. 57 (2000)558
2000Don Stenberg, Attorney General of Nebraska, et al. v. Leroy Carhart530 U.S. 914 (2000)528
2000Mobil Oil Exploration and Producing Southeast, Inc. v. United States530 U.S. 604 (2000)175
2000Jaime Castillo, et al., v. United States530 U.S. 120 (2000)359
2000Alexis Geier, et al. v. American Honda Motor Company, Inc., et al.529 U.S. 861 (2000)903
2000Public Lands Council, et al. v. Bruce Babbitt, Secretary of the Interior, et al.529 U.S. 728 (2000)
2000Donna E. Shalala, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al. v. Illinois Council on Long Term Care, Inc.529 U.S. 1 (2000)778
2000Hunt-Wesson, Inc. v. Franchise Tax Board of California528 U.S. 458 (2000)
1999William Fiore v. Gregory White, Warden, et al.528 U.S. 23 (1999)
1999Togo D. West, Jr., Secretary of Veterans Affairs v. Michael Gibson527 U.S. 212 (1999)146
1999Q. Todd Dickinson, Acting Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks v. Mary E. Zurko et al.527 U.S. 150 (1999)731
1999Eddie Richardson v. United States526 U.S. 813 (1999)913
1999Carolyn C. Cleveland v. Policy Management Systems Corporation et al.526 U.S. 795 (1999)1210
1999South Central Bell Telephone Company, et al. v. Alabama et al.526 U.S. 160 (1999)
1999Kumho Tire Company, Ltd., et al. v. Patrick Carmichael, Etc., et al.526 U.S. 137 (1999)8651
1999National Federation of Federal Employees, Local 1309 v. Department of the Interior et al.526 U.S. 86 (1999)
1998Nynex Corporation, et al. v. Discon, Incorporated525 U.S. 128 (1998)340
1998Wisconsin Department of Corrections, et al. v. Keith D. Schacht524 U.S. 381 (1998)1341
1998Sandra K. Forney v. Kenneth S. Apfel, Commissioner of Social Security524 U.S. 266 (1998)117
1998Frank J. Muscarello v. United States524 U.S. 125 (1998)848
1998Federal Election Commission v. James E. Akins, Richard Curtiss, Paul Findley, Robert J. Hanks, Andrew Killgore, and Orin Parker524 U.S. 11 (1998)845
1998Ohio Forestry Association, Inc. v. Sierra Club, et al.523 U.S. 726 (1998)757
1998Edwards v. United States523 U.S. 511 (1998)316
1998Hugo Roman Almendarez-Torres v. United States523 U.S. 224 (1998)12622
1998Kevin D. Gray v. Maryland523 U.S. 185 (1998)723
1998Debra Faye Lewis v. United States523 U.S. 155 (1998)130
1997Richard F. Trest v. Burl Cain, Warden522 U.S. 87 (1997)363
1997Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company v. Michael Buckley521 U.S. 424 (1997)198
1997Daryll Richardson and John Walker v. Ronnie Lee McKnight521 U.S. 399 (1997)446
1997Marvin Klehr, et Ux. v. a. O. Smith Corporation and a. O. Smith Harvestore Products, Inc.521 U.S. 179 (1997)453
1997Saratoga Fishing Company v. J. M. Martinac & Company and Marco Seattle Inc.520 U.S. 875 (1997)152
1997Thomas Young, et al. v. Kirk Fordice et al.520 U.S. 273 (1997)
1997United States v. Marian Brockamp, Administrator of the Estate of Stanley B. McGill, Deceased519 U.S. 347 (1997)489
1997John W. Atherton, Jr. v. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as Receiver for City Savings, F. S. B.519 U.S. 213 (1997)279
1996Kevin M. O'Gilvie and Stephanie L. O'Gilvie, Minors v. United States519 U.S. 79 (1996)175
1996Denver Area Educational Telecommunications Consortium, Inc., et al. v. Federal Communications Commission et al.518 U.S. 727 (1996)290
1996Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee and Douglas Jones, Treasurer v. Federal Election Commission518 U.S. 604 (1996)274
1996Antony Brown, et al. v. Pro Football, Inc., Dba Washington Redskins, et al.518 U.S. 231 (1996)100
1996Larry Grant Lonchar v. Albert G. Thomas, Warden517 U.S. 314 (1996)438
1996Barnett Bank of Marion County, N. a. v. Bill Nelson, Florida Insurance Commissioner, et al.517 U.S. 25 (1996)548
1996Varity Corporation v. Charles Howe et al.516 U.S. 489 (1996)1806
1995National Labor Relations Board v. Town & Country Electric, Inc., and Ameristaff Personnel Contractors, Ltd.516 U.S. 85 (1995)156
1995Tyson Johnson, et al. v. Houston Jones515 U.S. 304 (1995)2857
1995First Options of Chicago, Inc. v. Manuel Kaplan, et Ux. and Mk Investments, Inc.514 U.S. 938 (1995)4743
1995Reynoldsville Casket Co., et al. v. Carol L. Hyde514 U.S. 749 (1995)272
1995George W. Heintz, et al. v. Darlene Jenkins514 U.S. 291 (1995)924
1995Qualitex Company v. Jacobson Products Company, Inc.514 U.S. 159 (1995)568
1995Robert O'Neal v. Fred McAninch, Warden513 U.S. 432 (1995)1687
1995Milwaukee Brewery Workers' Pension Plan v. Jos. Schlitz Brewing Company and Stroh Brewery Company513 U.S. 414 (1995)122
1995Allied-Bruce Terminix Companies, Inc., and Terminix International Company v. G. Michael Dobson et al.513 U.S. 265 (1995)1626

Opinions of the Court only: the Court’s slip-opinion tables don’t list dissents or concurrences separately. Earlier opinions arrive with the bound-volume ingest. Browse all Supreme Court opinions.

Questions & answers

Who appointed Stephen Gerald Breyer?
President William J. Clinton appointed Stephen Gerald Breyer to the Supreme Court of the United States in 1994.
Was Stephen Gerald Breyer appointed by a Democrat or a Republican?
Stephen Gerald Breyer was appointed by President William J. Clinton, a Democrat. JudicialFinder records the appointing president's party, not a judge's own politics.
What was Stephen Gerald Breyer's confirmation vote?
The Senate confirmed Stephen Gerald Breyer 87–9 on July 29, 1994.
Which court was Stephen Gerald Breyer on?
Stephen Gerald Breyer was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

Sources

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27 years on the Supreme Court of the United States. Data as of 2026-08-10. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).