Clark, Secretary of the Interior, et al. v. Community for Creative Non-Violence et al.

Decided June 29, 1984. Byron Raymond White delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 82-1998 · 468 U.S. 288 (1984) · Cited 1,847 times

We don’t yet publish a summary of this opinion — read the official text below for the Court’s holding and reasoning.

How the Justices voted

Decided 7–2.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• United States v. O'Brien · 391 U.S. 367 (1968)
• Members of the City Council of Los Angeles v. Taxpayers for Vincent · 466 U.S. 789 (1984)
• Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District · 393 U.S. 503 (1969)
• Spence v. Washington · 418 U.S. 405 (1974)
• Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. · 452 U.S. 640 (1981)
• United States v. Grace · 461 U.S. 171 (1983)
• Brown v. Louisiana · 383 U.S. 131 (1966)
• New York Times Co. v. Sullivan · 376 U.S. 254 (1964)
• Buckley v. Valeo · 424 U.S. 1 (1976)
• Roth v. United States · 354 U.S. 476 (1957)
• Wisconsin v. Yoder · 406 U.S. 205 (1972)
• Perry Education Ass'n v. Perry Local Educators' Ass'n · 460 U.S. 37 (1983)
• Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council, Inc. · 425 U.S. 748 (1976)
• Haguer v. Committee for Industrial Organization · 307 U.S. 496 (1939)
• Cox v. Louisiana · 379 U.S. 536 (1965)
• Stromberg v. California · 283 U.S. 359 (1931)
• Lovell v. City of Griffin · 303 U.S. 444 (1938)
• Shuttlesworth v. City of Birmingham · 394 U.S. 147 (1969)
• Kovacs v. Cooper · 336 U.S. 77 (1949)
• Whitney v. California · 274 U.S. 357 (1927)
• Marsh v. Alabama · 326 U.S. 501 (1946)
• Martin v. City of Struthers · 319 U.S. 141 (1943)
• Consolidated Edison Co. of New York v. Public Service Commission · 447 U.S. 530 (1980)
• Welsh v. United States · 398 U.S. 333 (1970)
• Associated Press v. United States · 326 U.S. 1 (1945)
• Police Department of Chicago v. Mosley · 408 U.S. 92 (1972)
• Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia · 435 U.S. 829 (1978)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Ward v. Rock Against Racism · 491 U.S. 781 (1989)
• Barnes v. Glen Theatre, Inc. · 501 U.S. 560 (1991)
• United States v. Albertini · 472 U.S. 675 (1985)
• City of Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc. · 475 U.S. 41 (1986)
• Reed v. Town of Gilbert · 576 U.S. 155 (2015)
• Board of Trustees of State Univ. of NY v. Fox · 492 U.S. 469 (1989)
• City of Erie v. Pap's A. M. · 529 U.S. 277 (2000)
• International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. v. Lee · 505 U.S. 672 (1992)
• Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission · 520 U.S. 180 (1997)
• Capitol Square Review & Advisory Board v. Pinette · 515 U.S. 753 (1995)
• Masterpiece Cakeshop, Ltd. v. Colorado Civil Rights Comm'n · 584 U.S. 617 (2018)
• Snyder v. Phelps · 562 U.S. 443 (2011)
• United States v. Kokinda · 497 U.S. 720 (1990)
• FW/PBS, Inc. v. City of Dallas · 493 U.S. 215 (1990)
• Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission · 512 U.S. 622 (1994)
• Texas v. Johnson · 491 U.S. 397 (1989)
• Hill v. Colorado · 530 U.S. 703 (2000)
• City of Cincinnati v. Discovery Network, Inc. · 507 U.S. 410 (1993)
• Burson v. Freeman · 504 U.S. 191 (1992)
• Nevada Commission on Ethics v. Carrigan · 564 U.S. 117 (2011)
• Shurtleff v. Boston · 596 U.S. 243 (2022)
• R. A. v. v. City of St. Paul · 505 U.S. 377 (1992)
• Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. · 473 U.S. 788 (1985)
• City of Chicago v. Morales · 527 U.S. 41 (1999)
• United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc. · 529 U.S. 803 (2000)
• Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Group of Boston, Inc. · 515 U.S. 557 (1995)
• McConnell v. Federal Election Commission · 540 U.S. 93 (2003)
• City of Ladue v. Gilleo · 512 U.S. 43 (1994)
• Thomas v. Chicago Park District · 534 U.S. 316 (2002)
• City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, Inc. · 535 U.S. 425 (2002)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: the U.S. Reports via govinfo.gov; authoring Justice and vote lineup from the Supreme Court Database (Washington University). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).