Linda Frew, on Behalf of Her Daughter, Carla Frew, et al. v. Albert Hawkins, Commissioner, Texas Health and Human Services Commission, et al.
Decided January 14, 2004. Anthony McLeod Kennedy delivered the opinion of the Court.
Docket 02-628 · 540 U.S. 431 (2004) · Cited 564 times
Holding
Enforcement of the consent decree does not violate the Eleventh Amendment.
The Court’s statement of the holding, from the opinion’s syllabus. The syllabus is prepared by the Reporter of Decisions and is not part of the opinion of the Court — read the official opinion for authority.
How the Justices voted
Decided 9–0.
Majority · 9
“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.
Precedents cited
Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.
- Local Number 93, International Ass'n of Firefighters v. City of Cleveland · 478 U.S. 501 (1986)
- Rufo v. Inmates of Suffolk County Jail · 502 U.S. 367 (1992)
- Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman · 465 U.S. 89 (1984)
- Edelman v. Jordan · 415 U.S. 651 (1974)
- Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida · 517 U.S. 44 (1996)
- Green v. Mansour · 474 U.S. 64 (1985)
- Wilder v. Virginia Hospital Assn. · 496 U.S. 498 (1990)
- Milliken v. Bradley · 433 U.S. 267 (1977)
Cited by
Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.
- Horne v. Flores · 557 U.S. 433 (2009)
- National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius · 567 U.S. 519 (2012)
- Salazar v. Buono · 559 U.S. 700 (2010)
Official text
Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)
Explore from here
Anthony McLeod Kennedy’s profile · All Supreme Court opinions · The Supreme Court
Source: Supreme Court of the United States, slip opinions (2004). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).