West Virginia University Hospitals, Inc. v. Robert Casey, Governor of Pennsylvania, et al.

Decided March 19, 1991. Antonin Scalia delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 89-994 · 499 U.S. 83 (1991) · Cited 884 times

We don’t yet publish a summary of this opinion — read the official text below for the Court’s holding and reasoning.

How the Justices voted

Decided 6–3.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Missouri v. Jenkins Ex Rel. Agyei · 491 U.S. 274 (1989)
• Alyeska Pipeline Service Co. v. Wilderness Society · 421 U.S. 240 (1975)
• Crawford Fitting Co. v. J. T. Gibbons, Inc. · 482 U.S. 437 (1987)
• Johnson v. Transportation Agency, Santa Clara Cty. · 480 U.S. 616 (1987)
• Patterson v. McLean Credit Union · 491 U.S. 164 (1989)
• United Steelworkers of America v. Weber · 443 U.S. 193 (1979)
• Christiansburg Garment Co. v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission · 434 U.S. 412 (1978)
• Bradley v. School Bd. of Richmond · 416 U.S. 696 (1974)
• General Electric Co. v. Gilbert · 429 U.S. 125 (1976)
• Grove City College v. Bell · 465 U.S. 555 (1984)
• Hensley v. Eckerhart · 461 U.S. 424 (1983)
• United States v. Ron Pair Enterprises, Inc. · 489 U.S. 235 (1989)
• McNally v. United States · 483 U.S. 350 (1987)
• Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio · 490 U.S. 642 (1989)
• Smith v. Robinson · 468 U.S. 992 (1984)
• Rodriguez v. United States · 480 U.S. 522 (1987)
• Hughes Tool Co. v. Trans World Airlines, Inc. · 409 U.S. 363 (1973)
• Immigration & Naturalization Service v. Phinpathya · 464 U.S. 183 (1984)
• Iselin v. United States · 270 U.S. 245 (1926)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Arlington Central School District Board of Education v. Murphy · 548 U.S. 291 (2006)
• Rimini Street, Inc. v. Oracle USA, Inc. · 586 U.S. 334 (2019)
• Bostock v. Clayton County · 590 U.S. 644 (2020)
• Richlin Security Service Co. v. Chertoff · 553 U.S. 571 (2008)
• Azar v. Allina Health Services · 587 U.S. 566 (2019)
• Peter v. NantKwest, Inc. · 589 U.S. 23 (2019)
• Wyeth v. Levine · 555 U.S. 555 (2009)
• Stokeling v. United States · 586 U.S. 73 (2019)
• Ray Haluch Gravel Co. v. Cent. Pension Fund of the Int'l Union of Operating Eng'rs & Participating Emp'rs · 571 U.S. 177 (2014)
• SCA Hygiene Products Aktiebolag v. First Quality Baby Products, LLC · 580 U.S. 328 (2017)
• Maslenjak v. United States · 582 U.S. 335 (2017)
• City of Columbia v. Omni Outdoor Advertising, Inc. · 499 U.S. 365 (1991)
• Landgraf v. USI Film Products · 511 U.S. 244 (1994)
• Farrar v. Hobby · 506 U.S. 103 (1992)
• City of Burlington v. Dague · 505 U.S. 557 (1992)
• Boumediene v. Bush · 553 U.S. 723 (2008)
• Bray v. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic · 506 U.S. 263 (1993)
• Burns v. United States · 501 U.S. 129 (1991)
• Marx v. General Revenue Corp. · 568 U.S. 371 (2013)
• Borden v. United States · 593 U.S. 420 (2021)
• Harbison v. Bell · 556 U.S. 180 (2009)
• Chisom v. Roemer · 501 U.S. 380 (1991)
• Sale v. Haitian Centers Council, Inc. · 509 U.S. 155 (1993)
• George v. McDonough · 596 U.S. 740 (2022)
• BNSF R. Co. v. Loos · 586 U.S. 310 (2019)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: the U.S. Reports via govinfo.gov; authoring Justice and vote lineup from the Supreme Court Database (Washington University). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).