Records & Rankings

Judicial confirmations by voice vote, decade by decade

When did the Senate stop confirming judges by voice vote?

Voice votes fell below half of all Article III confirmations in the 2000s (43%) and are 2% of confirmations in the 2020s.

The share of Article III confirmations decided by voice vote rather than a recorded roll call, by decade of confirmation. A voice vote leaves no senator-by-senator tally, so it is also the share of the bench whose confirmation cannot be attributed to individual senators.

#NameDetailVoice vote
12020s6 by voice, 334 by roll call, of 340 confirmations2%
22010s137 by voice, 368 by roll call, of 505 confirmations27%
32000s165 by voice, 215 by roll call, of 380 confirmations43%
41990s482 by voice, 40 by roll call, of 522 confirmations92%
51980s456 by voice, 11 by roll call, of 467 confirmations98%
61970s472 by voice, 9 by roll call, of 481 confirmations98%
71960s355 by voice, 5 by roll call, of 360 confirmations99%
81950s233 by voice, 3 by roll call, of 236 confirmations99%
91940s174 by voice, 6 by roll call, of 180 confirmations97%
101930s170 by voice, 4 by roll call, of 174 confirmations98%
111920s150 by voice, 5 by roll call, of 155 confirmations97%
121910s120 by voice, 3 by roll call, of 123 confirmations98%
131900s104 by voice, 0 by roll call, of 104 confirmations100%
141890s86 by voice, 5 by roll call, of 91 confirmations95%
151880s39 by voice, 9 by roll call, of 48 confirmations81%
161870s46 by voice, 6 by roll call, of 52 confirmations88%
171860s57 by voice, 6 by roll call, of 63 confirmations90%
181850s30 by voice, 3 by roll call, of 33 confirmations91%
191840s25 by voice, 2 by roll call, of 27 confirmations93%
201830s20 by voice, 6 by roll call, of 26 confirmations77%
211820s28 by voice, 3 by roll call, of 31 confirmations90%
221810s19 by voice, 0 by roll call, of 19 confirmations100%
231800s15 by voice, 0 by roll call, of 15 confirmations100%
241790s26 by voice, 1 by roll call, of 27 confirmations96%
251780s15 by voice, 0 by roll call, of 15 confirmations100%

Questions

When did the Senate stop confirming judges by voice vote?
Voice votes fell below half of all Article III confirmations in the 2000s (43%) and are 2% of confirmations in the 2020s.
Which decade confirmed the most judges by voice vote?
The 1900s, at 100% (104 by voice, 0 by roll call, of 104 confirmations).
How is this list ranked?
The share of Article III confirmations decided by voice vote rather than a recorded roll call, by decade of confirmation. A voice vote leaves no senator-by-senator tally, so it is also the share of the bench whose confirmation cannot be attributed to individual senators.

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Computed from the FJC Biographical Directory. Data last verified 2026-09-21. Verify against the primary source before relying.