City of Milwaukee et al. v. Illinois et al.

Decided April 28, 1981. William Hubbs Rehnquist delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 79-408 · 451 U.S. 304 (1981) · Cited 543 times

We don’t yet publish a summary of this opinion — read the official text below for the Court’s holding and reasoning.

How the Justices voted

Decided 6–3.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Illinois v. City of Milwaukee · 406 U.S. 91 (1972)
• Clearfield Trust Co. v. United States · 318 U.S. 363 (1943)
• Mobil Oil Corp. v. Higginbotham · 436 U.S. 618 (1978)
• Environmental Protection Agency v. California Ex Rel. State Water Resources Control Board · 426 U.S. 200 (1976)
• Arizona v. California · 373 U.S. 546 (1963)
• Erie Railroad v. Tompkins · 304 U.S. 64 (1938)
• E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. v. Train · 430 U.S. 112 (1977)
• United States v. Little Lake Misere Land Co. · 412 U.S. 580 (1973)
• Ohio v. Wyandotte Chemicals Corp. · 401 U.S. 493 (1971)
• Textile Workers v. Lincoln Mills of Ala. · 353 U.S. 448 (1957)
• San Diego Building Trades Council v. Garmon · 359 U.S. 236 (1959)
• Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill · 437 U.S. 153 (1978)
• Florida Lime & Avocado Growers, Inc. v. Paul · 373 U.S. 132 (1963)
• D'Oench, Duhme & Co. v. Federal Deposit Insurance · 315 U.S. 447 (1942)
• Miree v. DeKalb County · 433 U.S. 25 (1977)
• Board of Comm'rs of Jackson Cty. v. United States · 308 U.S. 343 (1939)
• Wallis v. Pan American Petroleum Corp. · 384 U.S. 63 (1966)
• International Shoe Co. v. Washington · 326 U.S. 310 (1945)
• Udall v. Tallman · 380 U.S. 1 (1965)
• Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp. · 331 U.S. 218 (1947)
• Consumer Product Safety Commission v. GTE Sylvania, Inc. · 447 U.S. 102 (1980)
• Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. Federal Communications Commission · 395 U.S. 367 (1969)
• Jones v. Rath Packing Co. · 430 U.S. 519 (1977)
• The United States v. Hudson and Goodwin · 11 U.S. 32 (1812)
• Wilburn Boat Co. v. Fireman's Fund Insurance · 348 U.S. 310 (1955)
• Ray v. Atlantic Richfield Co. · 435 U.S. 151 (1978)
• United States v. Standard Oil Co. Of California · 332 U.S. 301 (1947)
• Wheeldin v. Wheeler · 373 U.S. 647 (1963)
• Hughes Tool Co. v. Trans World Airlines, Inc. · 409 U.S. 363 (1973)
• Diamond v. Chakrabarty · 447 U.S. 303 (1980)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• International Paper Co. v. Ouellette · 479 U.S. 481 (1987)
• Weinberger v. Romero-Barcelo · 456 U.S. 305 (1982)
• Middlesex County Sewerage Authority v. National Sea Clammers Assn. · 453 U.S. 1 (1981)
• Arkansas v. Oklahoma · 503 U.S. 91 (1992)
• County of Maui v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund · 590 U.S. 165 (2020)
• Camps Newfound/Owatonna, Inc. v. Town of Harrison · 520 U.S. 564 (1997)
• Countyof Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of NY · 470 U.S. 226 (1985)
• Rapanos v. United States · 547 U.S. 715 (2006)
• United States v. Texas · 507 U.S. 529 (1993)
• Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. United States Army Corps of Engineers · 531 U.S. 159 (2001)
• Commonwealth Edison Co. v. Montana · 453 U.S. 609 (1981)
• Sackett v. EPA · 598 U.S. 651 (2023)
• Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council · 505 U.S. 1003 (1992)
• Black & Decker Disability Plan v. Nord · 538 U.S. 822 (2003)
• Boyle v. United Technologies Corp. · 487 U.S. 500 (1988)
• Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools · 503 U.S. 60 (1992)
• Sosa v. Alvarez-Machain · 542 U.S. 692 (2004)
• O'Melveny & Myers v. Federal Deposit Insurance · 512 U.S. 79 (1994)
• United States v. Arthur Young & Co. · 465 U.S. 805 (1984)
• Bell v. New Jersey · 461 U.S. 773 (1983)
• Atherton v. Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. · 519 U.S. 213 (1997)
• New England Power Co. v. New Hampshire · 455 U.S. 331 (1982)
• Coeur Alaska, Inc. v. Southeast Alaska Conservation Council · 557 U.S. 261 (2009)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: the U.S. Reports via govinfo.gov; authoring Justice and vote lineup from the Supreme Court Database (Washington University). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).