Graham, Commissioner, Department of Public Welfare of Arizona v. Richardson et al.

Decided June 14, 1971. Harry Andrew Blackmun delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 609 · 403 U.S. 365 (1971) · Cited 1,494 times

We don’t yet publish a summary of this opinion — read the official text below for the Court’s holding and reasoning.

How the Justices voted

Decided 9–0.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Shapiro v. Thompson · 394 U.S. 618 (1969)
• Takahashi v. Fish & Game Commission · 334 U.S. 410 (1948)
• Truax v. Raich · 239 U.S. 33 (1915)
• Dandridge v. Williams · 397 U.S. 471 (1970)
• Goldberg v. Kelly · 397 U.S. 254 (1970)
• Hines v. Davidowitz · 312 U.S. 52 (1941)
• King v. Smith · 392 U.S. 309 (1968)
• Oyama v. California · 332 U.S. 633 (1948)
• Yick Wo v. Hopkins · 118 U.S. 356 (1886)
• McGowan v. Maryland · 366 U.S. 420 (1961)
• Williamson v. Lee Optical of Oklahoma, Inc. · 348 U.S. 483 (1955)
• Sherbert v. Verner · 374 U.S. 398 (1963)
• Bolling v. Sharpe · 347 U.S. 497 (1954)
• Bell v. Burson · 402 U.S. 535 (1971)
• Loving v. Virginia · 388 U.S. 1 (1967)
• Lindsley v. Natural Carbonic Gas Co. · 220 U.S. 61 (1911)
• Rosado v. Wyman · 397 U.S. 397 (1970)
• United States v. Carolene Products Co. · 304 U.S. 144 (1938)
• Hirabayashi v. United States · 320 U.S. 81 (1943)
• Harisiades v. Shaughnessy · 342 U.S. 580 (1952)
• Korematsu v. United States · 323 U.S. 214 (1945)
• Twining v. New Jersey · 211 U.S. 78 (1908)
• United States v. Guest · 383 U.S. 745 (1966)
• Fong Yue Ting v. United States · 149 U.S. 698 (1893)
• Oregon v. Mitchell · 400 U.S. 112 (1970)
• Morey v. Doud · 354 U.S. 457 (1957)
• Terrace v. Thompson · 263 U.S. 197 (1923)
• Edwards v. California · 314 U.S. 160 (1941)
• Wyman v. James · 400 U.S. 309 (1971)
• Patsone v. Pennsylvania · 232 U.S. 138 (1914)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Toll v. Moreno · 458 U.S. 1 (1982)
• Sugarman v. Dougall · 413 U.S. 634 (1973)
• Foley v. Connelie · 435 U.S. 291 (1978)
• Nyquist v. Mauclet · 432 U.S. 1 (1977)
• Cabell v. Chavez-Salido · 454 U.S. 432 (1982)
• San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez · 411 U.S. 1 (1973)
• Examining Bd. of Engineers, Architects and Surveyors v. Flores De Otero · 426 U.S. 572 (1976)
• Ambach v. Norwick · 441 U.S. 68 (1979)
• Plyler v. Doe · 457 U.S. 202 (1982)
• In Re Griffiths · 413 U.S. 717 (1973)
• Mathews v. Diaz · 426 U.S. 67 (1976)
• De Canas v. Bica · 424 U.S. 351 (1976)
• Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth · 408 U.S. 564 (1972)
• Morrissey v. Brewer · 408 U.S. 471 (1972)
• Elrod v. Burns · 427 U.S. 347 (1976)
• Dunn v. Blumstein · 405 U.S. 330 (1972)
• Regents of the University of California v. Bakke · 438 U.S. 265 (1978)
• Gregory v. Ashcroft · 501 U.S. 452 (1991)
• Memorial Hospital v. Maricopa County · 415 U.S. 250 (1974)
• Hampton v. Mow Sun Wong · 426 U.S. 88 (1976)
• Hudson v. Palmer · 468 U.S. 517 (1984)
• City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, Inc. · 473 U.S. 432 (1985)
• Edelman v. Jordan · 415 U.S. 651 (1974)
• Perry v. Sindermann · 408 U.S. 593 (1972)
• Evitts v. Lucey · 469 U.S. 387 (1985)
• Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia · 427 U.S. 307 (1976)
• Frontiero v. Richardson · 411 U.S. 677 (1973)
• Rutan v. Republican Party of Illinois · 497 U.S. 62 (1990)
• Morton v. Ruiz · 415 U.S. 199 (1974)
• Kleindienst v. Mandel · 408 U.S. 753 (1972)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: the U.S. Reports via govinfo.gov; authoring Justice and vote lineup from the Supreme Court Database (Washington University). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).