Kramer v. Union Free School District No. 15 et al.

Decided June 16, 1969. Earl Warren delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 258 · 395 U.S. 621 (1969) · Cited 1,031 times

We don’t yet publish a summary of this opinion — read the official text below for the Court’s holding and reasoning.

How the Justices voted

Decided 5–3.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Lassiter v. Northampton County Board of Elections · 360 U.S. 45 (1959)
• Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections · 383 U.S. 663 (1966)
• Carrington v. Rash · 380 U.S. 89 (1965)
• Sailors v. Board of Ed. of Kent Cty. · 387 U.S. 105 (1967)
• Reynolds v. Sims · 377 U.S. 533 (1964)
• McGowan v. Maryland · 366 U.S. 420 (1961)
• Williams v. Rhodes · 393 U.S. 23 (1968)
• McDonald v. Board of Election Comm'rs of Chicago · 394 U.S. 802 (1969)
• Avery v. Midland County · 390 U.S. 474 (1968)
• Kotch v. Board of River Port Pilot Comm'rs for Port of New Orleans · 330 U.S. 552 (1947)
• Shapiro v. Thompson · 394 U.S. 618 (1969)
• National Ass'n for the Advancement of Colored People v. Alabama Ex Rel. Patterson · 357 U.S. 449 (1958)
• Wesberry v. Sanders · 376 U.S. 1 (1964)
• Korematsu v. United States · 323 U.S. 214 (1945)
• Allied Stores of Ohio, Inc. v. Bowers · 358 U.S. 522 (1959)
• Doremus v. Board of Ed. of Hawthorne · 342 U.S. 429 (1952)
• Takahashi v. Fish & Game Commission · 334 U.S. 410 (1948)
• Lucas v. Forty-Fourth General Assembly of Colorado · 377 U.S. 713 (1964)
• Oyama v. California · 332 U.S. 633 (1948)
• Minor v. Happersett · 88 U.S. 162 (1875)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Ball v. James · 451 U.S. 355 (1981)
• Hill v. Stone · 421 U.S. 289 (1975)
• Dunn v. Blumstein · 405 U.S. 330 (1972)
• Oregon v. Mitchell · 400 U.S. 112 (1970)
• Holt Civic Club v. City of Tuscaloosa · 439 U.S. 60 (1978)
• City of Phoenix v. Kolodziejski · 399 U.S. 204 (1970)
• Salyer Land Co. v. Tulare Lake Basin Water Storage District · 410 U.S. 719 (1973)
• Rosario v. Rockefeller · 410 U.S. 752 (1973)
• San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez · 411 U.S. 1 (1973)
• Richardson v. Ramirez · 418 U.S. 24 (1974)
• Hall v. Beals · 396 U.S. 45 (1969)
• Sugarman v. Dougall · 413 U.S. 634 (1973)
• Evans v. Cornman · 398 U.S. 419 (1970)
• Town of Lockport v. Citizens for Community Action at the Local Level, Inc. · 430 U.S. 259 (1977)
• Storer v. Brown · 415 U.S. 724 (1974)
• Bullock v. Carter · 405 U.S. 134 (1972)
• Lindsey v. Normet · 405 U.S. 56 (1972)
• City of Mobile v. Bolden · 446 U.S. 55 (1980)
• Turner v. Fouche · 396 U.S. 346 (1970)
• Lubin v. Panish · 415 U.S. 709 (1974)
• Monell v. New York City Dept. of Social Servs. · 436 U.S. 658 (1978)
• City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, Inc. · 473 U.S. 432 (1985)
• Roe v. Wade · 410 U.S. 113 (1973)
• Dandridge v. Williams · 397 U.S. 471 (1970)
• Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia · 427 U.S. 307 (1976)
• Anderson v. Celebrezze · 460 U.S. 780 (1983)
• Frontiero v. Richardson · 411 U.S. 677 (1973)
• Doe v. Bolton · 410 U.S. 179 (1973)
• Abood v. Detroit Board of Education · 431 U.S. 209 (1977)
• Illinois State Board of Elections v. Socialist Workers Party · 440 U.S. 173 (1979)

Official text

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Source: the U.S. Reports via govinfo.gov; authoring Justice and vote lineup from the Supreme Court Database (Washington University). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).