United States v. Calandra

Decided January 8, 1974. Lewis Franklin Powell Jr. delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 72-734 · 414 U.S. 338 (1974) · Cited 3,415 times

Holding

A witness summoned to appear and testify before a grand jury may not refuse to answer questions on the ground that they are based on evidence obtained from an unlawful search and seizure.

The Court’s statement of the holding, from the opinion’s syllabus. The syllabus is prepared by the Reporter of Decisions and is not part of the opinion of the Court — read the official opinion for authority.

How the Justices voted

Decided 6–3.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Mapp v. Ohio · 367 U.S. 643 (1961)
• Linkletter v. Walker · 381 U.S. 618 (1965)
• Branzburg v. Hayes · 408 U.S. 665 (1972)
• Alderman v. United States · 394 U.S. 165 (1969)
• Silverthorne Lumber Co. v. United States · 251 U.S. 385 (1920)
• Gelbard v. United States · 408 U.S. 41 (1972)
• Elkins v. United States · 364 U.S. 206 (1960)
• Jones v. United States · 362 U.S. 257 (1960)
• Olmstead v. United States · 277 U.S. 438 (1928)
• Costello v. United States · 350 U.S. 359 (1956)
• Terry v. Ohio · 392 U.S. 1 (1968)
• United States v. Bryan · 339 U.S. 323 (1950)
• Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics · 403 U.S. 388 (1971)
• Wong Sun v. United States · 371 U.S. 471 (1963)
• Boyd v. United States · 116 U.S. 616 (1886)
• Kastigar v. United States · 406 U.S. 441 (1972)
• Wolf v. Colorado · 338 U.S. 25 (1949)
• United States v. Dionisio · 410 U.S. 1 (1973)
• Brown v. United States · 411 U.S. 223 (1973)
• Cobbledick v. United States · 309 U.S. 323 (1940)
• Miller v. United States · 357 U.S. 301 (1958)
• Go-Bart Importing Co. v. United States · 282 U.S. 344 (1931)
• Couch v. United States · 409 U.S. 322 (1973)
• Lawn v. United States · 355 U.S. 339 (1958)
• On Lee v. United States · 343 U.S. 747 (1952)
• United States v. Ryan · 402 U.S. 530 (1971)
• Tehan v. United States ex rel. Shott · 382 U.S. 406 (1966)
• Wood v. Georgia · 370 U.S. 375 (1962)
• Kaufman v. United States · 394 U.S. 217 (1969)
• Blackmer v. United States · 284 U.S. 421 (1932)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• United States v. Leon · 468 U.S. 897 (1984)
• United States v. Williams · 504 U.S. 36 (1992)
• Pennsylvania Bd. of Probation and Parole v. Scott · 524 U.S. 357 (1998)
• Stone v. Powell · 428 U.S. 465 (1976)
• United States v. Mandujano · 425 U.S. 564 (1976)
• Herring v. United States · 555 U.S. 135 (2009)
• United States v. Janis · 428 U.S. 433 (1976)
• Arizona v. Evans · 514 U.S. 1 (1995)
• United States v. Peltier · 422 U.S. 531 (1975)
• Carpenter v. United States · 585 U.S. 296 (2018)
• United States v. R. Enterprises, Inc. · 498 U.S. 292 (1991)
• Illinois v. Gates · 462 U.S. 213 (1983)
• Rakas v. Illinois · 439 U.S. 128 (1978)
• Immigration & Naturalization Service v. Lopez-Mendoza · 468 U.S. 1032 (1984)
• Illinois v. Krull · 480 U.S. 340 (1987)
• Brown v. Illinois · 422 U.S. 590 (1975)
• Kimmelman v. Morrison · 477 U.S. 365 (1986)
• United States v. Payner · 447 U.S. 727 (1980)
• United States v. Sells Engineering, Inc. · 463 U.S. 418 (1983)
• Brewer v. Williams · 430 U.S. 387 (1977)
• Hudson v. Michigan · 547 U.S. 586 (2006)
• Manuel v. City of Joliet · 580 U.S. 357 (2017)
• Kaley v. United States · 571 U.S. 320 (2014)
• Franks v. Delaware · 438 U.S. 154 (1978)
• Albright v. Oliver · 510 U.S. 266 (1994)
• Segura v. United States · 468 U.S. 796 (1984)
• Michigan v. Tucker · 417 U.S. 433 (1974)
• United States v. Mechanik · 475 U.S. 66 (1986)
• United States v. Verdugo-Urquidez · 494 U.S. 259 (1990)
• United States v. Ceccolini · 435 U.S. 268 (1978)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: Supreme Court of the United States, slip opinions (1974). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).