United States v. Skrmetti
Decided June 18, 2025. John Glover Roberts Jr. delivered the opinion of the Court.
Docket 23-477 · 605 U.S. 495 (2025) · Cited 55 times
Holding
Tennessee’s law prohibiting certain medical treatments for transgender minors is not subject to heightened scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and satisfies rational basis review.
The Court’s statement of the holding, from the opinion’s syllabus. The syllabus is prepared by the Reporter of Decisions and is not part of the opinion of the Court. Read the official opinion for authority.
How the Justices voted
Decided 6–3.
Majority · 6
- John G. Roberts, Jr. · delivered the opinion of the Court
- Clarence Thomas · filed a concurring opinion
- Samuel A. Alito, Jr. · filed an opinion concurring in the judgment
- Neil M. Gorsuch
- Brett M. Kavanaugh
- Amy Coney Barrett · filed a concurring opinion
Dissenting · 3
- Sonia Sotomayor · filed a dissenting opinion
- Elena Kagan · filed a dissenting opinion
- Ketanji Brown Jackson
“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. The lineup is the syllabus’s disposition of who wrote and joined each opinion. Source: the opinion’s syllabus (supremecourt.gov).
Precedents cited
Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.
- United States v. Virginia · 518 U.S. 515 (1996)
- City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, Inc. · 473 U.S. 432 (1985)
- Geduldig v. Aiello · 417 U.S. 484 (1974)
- Loving v. Virginia · 388 U.S. 1 (1967)
- Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College · 600 U.S. 181 (2023)
- Federal Communications Commission v. Beach Communications, Inc. · 508 U.S. 307 (1993)
- Lyng v. Castillo · 477 U.S. 635 (1986)
- Tuan Anh Nguyen v. Immigration & Naturalization Service · 533 U.S. 53 (2001)
- San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez · 411 U.S. 1 (1973)
- Personnel Administrator of Mass. v. Feeney · 442 U.S. 256 (1979)
- United States v. Carolene Products Co. · 304 U.S. 144 (1938)
- Vacco v. Quill · 521 U.S. 793 (1997)
- Craig v. Boren · 429 U.S. 190 (1976)
- Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia · 427 U.S. 307 (1976)
- Romer v. Evans · 517 U.S. 620 (1996)
- Mathews v. Lucas · 427 U.S. 495 (1976)
- Frontiero v. Richardson · 411 U.S. 677 (1973)
- Gonzales v. Carhart · 550 U.S. 124 (2007)
- Plyler v. Doe · 457 U.S. 202 (1982)
- Takahashi v. Fish & Game Commission · 334 U.S. 410 (1948)
- J. E. B. v. Alabama ex rel. T. B. · 511 U.S. 127 (1994)
- Nevada Department of Human Resources v. Hibbs · 538 U.S. 721 (2003)
- Brown v. Board of Education · 347 U.S. 483 (1954)
- Roper v. Simmons · 543 U.S. 551 (2005)
- Bolling v. Sharpe · 347 U.S. 497 (1954)
- Reed v. Reed · 404 U.S. 71 (1971)
- Regents of the University of California v. Bakke · 438 U.S. 265 (1978)
- Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan · 458 U.S. 718 (1982)
- Orr v. Orr · 440 U.S. 268 (1979)
- Examining Bd. of Engineers, Architects and Surveyors v. Flores De Otero · 426 U.S. 572 (1976)
Official text
Read the official opinion (PDF, supremecourt.gov)
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John Glover Roberts Jr.’s profile · All Supreme Court opinions · The Supreme Court
Source: Supreme Court of the United States, slip opinions (2025). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-08-15. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).