Joseph P. Mazurek, Attorney General of Montana v. James H. Armstrong et al.

Decided June 16, 1997. The Court ruled per curiam — an unsigned opinion of the Court.

Docket 96-1104 · 520 U.S. 968 (1997) · Cited 2,432 times

We don’t yet publish a summary of this opinion — read the official text below for the Court’s holding and reasoning.

How the Justices voted

Decided 6–3.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pa. v. Casey · 505 U.S. 833 (1992)
• Miller v. Johnson · 515 U.S. 900 (1995)
• Shaw v. Hunt · 517 U.S. 899 (1996)
• City of Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, Inc. · 462 U.S. 416 (1983)
• Roe v. Wade · 410 U.S. 113 (1973)
• Estelle v. Gamble · 429 U.S. 97 (1976)
• Washington v. Davis · 426 U.S. 229 (1976)
• United States v. General Motors Corp. · 323 U.S. 373 (1945)
• Hamilton-Brown Shoe Co. v. Wolf Brothers & Co. · 240 U.S. 251 (1916)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Gonzales v. Carhart · 550 U.S. 124 (2007)
• Stenberg v. Carhart · 530 U.S. 914 (2000)
• Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. · 555 U.S. 7 (2008)
• Munaf v. Geren · 553 U.S. 674 (2008)
• Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União Do Vegetal · 546 U.S. 418 (2006)
• Hill v. McDonough · 547 U.S. 573 (2006)
• Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America v. Walsh, Acting Commissioner, Maine Department of Human Services · 538 U.S. 644 (2003)
• Ramirez v. Collier · 595 U.S. 411 (2022)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: the U.S. Reports via govinfo.gov; authoring Justice and vote lineup from the Supreme Court Database (Washington University). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).