Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins

Decided May 16, 2016. Samuel A. Alito Jr. delivered the opinion of the Court.

Docket 13-1339 · 578 U.S. 330 (2016) · Cited 7,043 times

Holding

Because the Ninth Circuit failed to consider both aspects of the injury-in-fact requirement, its Article III standing analysis was incomplete.

The Court’s statement of the holding, from the opinion’s syllabus. The syllabus is prepared by the Reporter of Decisions and is not part of the opinion of the Court — read the official opinion for authority.

How the Justices voted

Decided 6–2.

“Concurring” means agreeing with the outcome; any split shown is the Court’s judgment, not each Justice’s reasoning. Source: the Supreme Court Database (Spaeth et al.), Washington University.

Precedents cited

Supreme Court decisions this opinion relies on, ordered by how often it cites each. Cases in our collection link through; others are named.

• Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife · 504 U.S. 555 (1992)
• Warth v. Seldin · 422 U.S. 490 (1975)
• Havens Realty Corp. v. Coleman · 455 U.S. 363 (1982)
• Summers v. Earth Island Institute · 555 U.S. 488 (2009)
• Raines v. Byrd · 521 U.S. 811 (1997)
• Vermont Agency of Natural Resources v. United States Ex Rel. Stevens · 529 U.S. 765 (2000)
• Federal Election Commission v. Akins · 524 U.S. 11 (1998)
• Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (TOC), Inc. · 528 U.S. 167 (2000)
• Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc. · 454 U.S. 464 (1982)
• DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Cuno · 547 U.S. 332 (2006)
• Schlesinger v. Reservists Committee to Stop the War · 418 U.S. 208 (1974)
• Clapper v. Amnesty International USA · 568 U.S. 398 (2013)
• Honig v. Doe · 484 U.S. 305 (1988)
• Steel Co. v. Citizens for a Better Environment · 523 U.S. 83 (1998)
• City of Los Angeles v. Lyons · 461 U.S. 95 (1983)
• Allen v. Wright · 468 U.S. 737 (1984)
• Simon v. Eastern Kentucky Welfare Rights Organization · 426 U.S. 26 (1976)
• Carey v. Piphus · 435 U.S. 247 (1978)
• Whitmore Ex Rel. Simmons v. Arkansas · 495 U.S. 149 (1990)
• FW/PBS, Inc. v. City of Dallas · 493 U.S. 215 (1990)
• Babbitt v. United Farm Workers National Union · 442 U.S. 289 (1979)
• Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye, Inc. v. City of Hialeah · 508 U.S. 520 (1993)
• Gladstone, Realtors v. Village of Bellwood · 441 U.S. 91 (1979)
• United States v. Detroit Timber & Lumber Co. · 200 U.S. 321 (1906)
• Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency · 549 U.S. 497 (2007)
• Diamond v. Charles · 476 U.S. 54 (1986)
• Public Citizen v. United States Department of Justice · 491 U.S. 440 (1989)
• United States v. Richardson · 418 U.S. 166 (1974)
• Pleasant Grove City v. Summum · 555 U.S. 460 (2009)
• Sprint Communications Co. v. APCC Services, Inc. · 554 U.S. 269 (2008)

Cited by

Later Supreme Court opinions in our collection that cite this case.

• Thole v. U. S. Bank N. A. · 590 U.S. 538 (2020)
• Frank v. Gaos · 586 U.S. 485 (2019)
• Town of Chester v. Laroe Estates, Inc. · 581 U.S. 433 (2017)
• Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski · 592 U.S. 279 (2021)
• Virginia House of Delegates v. Bethune-Hill · 587 U.S. 658 (2019)
• Acheson Hotels, LLC v. Laufer · 601 U.S. 1 (2023)
• Department of Commerce v. New York · 588 U.S. 752 (2019)
• Czyzewski v. Jevic Holding Corp. · 580 U.S. 451 (2017)
• Bank of Am. Corp. v. City of Miami · 581 U.S. 189 (2017)
• New York State Rifle & Pistol Assn., Inc. v. City of New York · 590 U.S. 336 (2020)
• Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College · 600 U.S. 181 (2023)
• Department of Education v. Brown · 600 U.S. 551 (2023)

Official text

Read the official opinion (U.S. Reports, govinfo.gov)

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Source: Supreme Court of the United States, slip opinions (2016). Citation count from the Free Law Project’s CourtListener bulk data. Data last verified 2026-07-03. Informational only; verify against the primary source before relying. Not a consumer report (FCRA).